Directions: Answer TWO of the following questions in essay form using the same formatting requirements as your research papers. An adequate response will be at least 3 full typed pages. Your grade will be based on how well you incorporate evidence from the lectures, films, and reading assignments.
1) Much of the first portion of class focused on the growing divide between the eastern and western halves of the former Roman Empire. Discuss how this split occurred and its cultural consequences for the modern world. How did political events in the Islamic, Byzantine, and Germanic worlds contribute to this trend? How did the papacy and western rulers legitimize their independence from the emperor in Byzantium?
2) The Fossier text is a history of medieval attitudes towards nature, the human body, the stages of life and death, and the supernatural. Describe these attitudes and how they differ from our modern outlook.
3) Medieval society was extremely hierarchical and based on relationships of power. Discuss how power was articulated in medieval society. In what ways was it reciprocal? What were some of the limitations on power? What was the relationship between power and religion?
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